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Review Article

Online Publishing Date:
22 / 12 / 2023

 


The long-term effects of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes on growth and development: systematic review

Maream Abdulaziz A. Alhobel, Muath Abdullah Alhashim, Abdulrahman Ahmed N. Almulhem, Hamad Ahamad Alnwaihel, Ibrahim A. Alhajji, Faisal Fahad Althonayan, Mohammed Abdullah Bo Haya, Norah Hanthal Almarri, Fahad Khaled Almuibed.


Abstract
The increasing prevalence of childhood-onset type-1 diabetes (T1D) has brought to light its multifaceted implications on growth and development. This necessitates a holistic understanding of its long-term effects on physical, neurological, metabolic, and psychosocial aspects. Thus, this study systematically reviewed the long-term effects of childhood-onset T1D on growth and development in children and adolescents. Using the PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted mainly on PubMed for studies in English, resulting in the inclusion of nine studies with a collective participant count of 24,880. These studies spanned across various geographical locations, with a predominant focus on the younger demographic, averaging around 11 years of age. The findings indicated significant associations of T1D with altered physical growth patterns, neurological and cognitive implications, metabolic outcomes, and psychosocial challenges. Notably, growth complications and cognitive patterns seemed to intertwine with T1D onset and management. Studies showed that poor glycemic control and early T1D onset, negatively impact the projected adult height of the child. Additionally, poor glycemic control implications such as diabetic ketoacidosis have a negative impact on cognitive functions. Finally, psychosocial complications of T1D and obesity, particularly in adolescent girls, highlighted the importance of parental education and perceived stress on these vulnerable children. Childhood-onset T1D has profound implications on growth and development. While effective glycemic control is beneficial to reduce these complications, a multidisciplinary approach, encompassing endocrinology, neurology, and psychology, is essential for comprehensive care and improved life quality in these children.

Key words: Long term, type 1 Diabetes, growth, outcomes, development


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Alhobel MAA, Alhashim MA, Almulhem AAN, Alnwaihel HA, Alhajji IA, Althonayan FF, Haya MAB, Almarri NH, Almuibed FK. The long-term effects of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes on growth and development: systematic review. IJMDC. 2024; 8(1): 424-431. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1700734725

Web Style

Alhobel MAA, Alhashim MA, Almulhem AAN, Alnwaihel HA, Alhajji IA, Althonayan FF, Haya MAB, Almarri NH, Almuibed FK. The long-term effects of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes on growth and development: systematic review. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=178565 [Access: May 12, 2024]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1700734725

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Alhobel MAA, Alhashim MA, Almulhem AAN, Alnwaihel HA, Alhajji IA, Althonayan FF, Haya MAB, Almarri NH, Almuibed FK. The long-term effects of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes on growth and development: systematic review. IJMDC. 2024; 8(1): 424-431. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1700734725


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Alhobel MAA, Alhashim MA, Almulhem AAN, Alnwaihel HA, Alhajji IA, Althonayan FF, Haya MAB, Almarri NH, Almuibed FK. The long-term effects of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes on growth and development: systematic review. IJMDC. (2024), [cited May 12, 2024]; 8(1): 424-431. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1700734725


Harvard Style

Alhobel, M. A. A., Alhashim, . M. A., Almulhem, . A. A. N., Alnwaihel, . H. A., Alhajji, . I. A., Althonayan, . F. F., Haya, . M. A. B., Almarri, . N. H. & Almuibed, . F. K. (2024) The long-term effects of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes on growth and development: systematic review. IJMDC, 8 (1), 424-431. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1700734725


Turabian Style

Alhobel, Maream Abdulaziz A., Muath Abdullah Alhashim, Abdulrahman Ahmed N. Almulhem, Hamad Ahamad Alnwaihel, Ibrahim A. Alhajji, Faisal Fahad Althonayan, Mohammed Abdullah Bo Haya, Norah Hanthal Almarri, and Fahad Khaled Almuibed. 2024. The long-term effects of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes on growth and development: systematic review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 8 (1), 424-431. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1700734725


Chicago Style

Alhobel, Maream Abdulaziz A., Muath Abdullah Alhashim, Abdulrahman Ahmed N. Almulhem, Hamad Ahamad Alnwaihel, Ibrahim A. Alhajji, Faisal Fahad Althonayan, Mohammed Abdullah Bo Haya, Norah Hanthal Almarri, and Fahad Khaled Almuibed. "The long-term effects of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes on growth and development: systematic review." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 8 (2024), 424-431. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1700734725


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Alhobel, Maream Abdulaziz A., Muath Abdullah Alhashim, Abdulrahman Ahmed N. Almulhem, Hamad Ahamad Alnwaihel, Ibrahim A. Alhajji, Faisal Fahad Althonayan, Mohammed Abdullah Bo Haya, Norah Hanthal Almarri, and Fahad Khaled Almuibed. "The long-term effects of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes on growth and development: systematic review." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 8.1 (2024), 424-431. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1700734725


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Alhobel, M. A. A., Alhashim, . M. A., Almulhem, . A. A. N., Alnwaihel, . H. A., Alhajji, . I. A., Althonayan, . F. F., Haya, . M. A. B., Almarri, . N. H. & Almuibed, . F. K. (2024) The long-term effects of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes on growth and development: systematic review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 8 (1), 424-431. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1700734725




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