Psychological Responses and Associated Factors of COVID-19 Among General Public in Saudi Arabia

Ali Alsaad; Mohammed AlHewishel; Hussain Alghadeer; Hassan Ahmed A Alsahaf; Muntather ALHejji; Kawthar Boumarah; Noor Alosaif

doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1597303012

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Original Article
Online Published: 03 Sep 2020

IJMDC. 2020; 4(10): 1561-1571

doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1597303012

Psychological Responses and Associated Factors of COVID-19 Among General Public in Saudi Arabia

Ali Alsaad, Mohammed Alhewishel, Hussain Alghadeer, Hassan Ahmed A Alsahaf, Muntather Alhejji, Kawthar Boumarah, Noor Alosaif.

Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease that began in December 2019 in China, leading to a worldwide public health emergency crisis of global concern, a burden on the health sectors, and a significant challenge for psychological flexibility. This study aimed to determine and assess the psychological impact of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia for early intervention to help the population cope with and reduce such responses.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Saudi Arabia citizens and residents during the pandemic of COVID-19 from June 7 to 21, 2020. An online questionnaire did the assessment. The questionnaire focused on sociodemographic data, physical symptoms in the past 14 days, previous diagnosis with COVID-19, being in quarantine, history of contact with a COVID-19 infected person, and mental health status that was assessed by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21).
Results: A total of 1,413 participants voluntarily filled the questionnaire; however, only 1,311 fulfilled the criteria and were included in this study. The majority of the participants were normal. The gender, residency, and marital status were significantly associated with all DASS-21 subscales. The age and employment status were significantly related to DASS-21 depression and stress subscales. Nationality was significantly associated with both DASS-21 anxiety and stress subscales. Nevertheless, being diagnosed with COVID-19 or having close contact with an individual who was a confirmed case of COVID-19 infection was not significantly associated.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that participants who have depression, anxiety, and stress need to be identified and addressed. To better cope and manage psychological distress related to COVID-19 pandemic, psychological interventions should be provided via telemedicine due to social distancing and broader coverage.

Key words: COVID-19, psychological responses.

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Pubmed Style

Alsaad A, Alhewishel M, Alghadeer H, Alsahaf HAA, Alhejji M, Boumarah K, Alosaif N. Psychological Responses and Associated Factors of COVID-19 Among General Public in Saudi Arabia. IJMDC. 2020; 4(10): 1561-1571. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1597303012

Web Style

Alsaad A, Alhewishel M, Alghadeer H, Alsahaf HAA, Alhejji M, Boumarah K, Alosaif N. Psychological Responses and Associated Factors of COVID-19 Among General Public in Saudi Arabia. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=124950 [Access: June 29, 2026]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1597303012

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Alsaad A, Alhewishel M, Alghadeer H, Alsahaf HAA, Alhejji M, Boumarah K, Alosaif N. Psychological Responses and Associated Factors of COVID-19 Among General Public in Saudi Arabia. IJMDC. 2020; 4(10): 1561-1571. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1597303012

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Alsaad A, Alhewishel M, Alghadeer H, Alsahaf HAA, Alhejji M, Boumarah K, Alosaif N. Psychological Responses and Associated Factors of COVID-19 Among General Public in Saudi Arabia. IJMDC. (2020), [cited June 29, 2026]; 4(10): 1561-1571. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1597303012

Harvard Style

Alsaad, A., Alhewishel, . M., Alghadeer, . H., Alsahaf, . H. A. A., Alhejji, . M., Boumarah, . K. & Alosaif, . N. (2020) Psychological Responses and Associated Factors of COVID-19 Among General Public in Saudi Arabia. IJMDC, 4 (10), 1561-1571. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1597303012

Turabian Style

Alsaad, Ali, Mohammed Alhewishel, Hussain Alghadeer, Hassan Ahmed A Alsahaf, Muntather Alhejji, Kawthar Boumarah, and Noor Alosaif. 2020. Psychological Responses and Associated Factors of COVID-19 Among General Public in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 4 (10), 1561-1571. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1597303012

Chicago Style

Alsaad, Ali, Mohammed Alhewishel, Hussain Alghadeer, Hassan Ahmed A Alsahaf, Muntather Alhejji, Kawthar Boumarah, and Noor Alosaif. "Psychological Responses and Associated Factors of COVID-19 Among General Public in Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 4 (2020), 1561-1571. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1597303012

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Alsaad, Ali, Mohammed Alhewishel, Hussain Alghadeer, Hassan Ahmed A Alsahaf, Muntather Alhejji, Kawthar Boumarah, and Noor Alosaif. "Psychological Responses and Associated Factors of COVID-19 Among General Public in Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 4.10 (2020), 1561-1571. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1597303012

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Alsaad, A., Alhewishel, . M., Alghadeer, . H., Alsahaf, . H. A. A., Alhejji, . M., Boumarah, . K. & Alosaif, . N. (2020) Psychological Responses and Associated Factors of COVID-19 Among General Public in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 4 (10), 1561-1571. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1597303012

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