Prevalence of anxiety and depression among hypertensive patients: a systematic review

Mohammed Somaili; Wafaa Ali M. Kilani; Maryam Ali H. Sultan; Razan Mohammed A. Kariri; Ebtessam Ahmad A. Majrashi; Nada Ali Y. Alfaifi; Basmah Adel I. Refaei

doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1631971689

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Review Article
Online Published: 13 Dec 2021

IJMDC. 2022; 6(1): 178-185

doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1631971689

Prevalence of anxiety and depression among hypertensive patients: a systematic review

Mohammed Somaili, Wafaa Ali M. Kilani, Maryam Ali H. Sultan, Razan Mohammed A. Kariri, Ebtessam Ahmad A. Majrashi, Nada Ali Y. Alfaifi, Basmah Adel I. Refaei.

Abstract
Hypertension is the elevation in the blood pressure level, and it is responsible for cardiovascular diseases. Depression and anxiety diseases are the most common mental disorders globally. Depression is common among patients with chronic disorders, including hypertension, and there are conflicts regarding the correlation between hypertension and anxiety. To assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression among hypertensive
patients. PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched for articles on the current subject starting from 2017 to 2021. The included searching terms included "Prevalence of depression and hypertension, Prevalence of anxiety and hypertension, Anxiety among hypertensive patients, Depression among hypertensive patients." The inclusion criteria included full original articles conducted on patients with hypertension and assessed the prevalence of anxiety, depression, or both. We obtained 70 articles; only 10 articles were eligible for the inclusion criteria. The 10 studies included a total number of 2,581 participants and covered 6 countries. The findings of this systematic review showed that the overall prevalence of depression and anxiety ranged from 57.3% to 77.8%. The most-reported factors associated with the prevalence of depression and anxiety among hypertensive patients included gender and educational level. The prevalence of depression and anxiety among hypertensive patients varied based on several factors and the stage of hypertension; however, they were highly prevalent in general. Adequate control of blood pressure is necessary.

Key words: Anxiety, depression, hypertension, prevalence

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Pubmed Style

Somaili M, Kilani WAM, Sultan MAH, Kariri RMA, Majrashi EAA, Alfaifi NAY, Refaei BAI. Prevalence of anxiety and depression among hypertensive patients: a systematic review. IJMDC. 2022; 6(1): 178-185. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1631971689

Web Style

Somaili M, Kilani WAM, Sultan MAH, Kariri RMA, Majrashi EAA, Alfaifi NAY, Refaei BAI. Prevalence of anxiety and depression among hypertensive patients: a systematic review. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=125561 [Access: June 22, 2026]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1631971689

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Somaili M, Kilani WAM, Sultan MAH, Kariri RMA, Majrashi EAA, Alfaifi NAY, Refaei BAI. Prevalence of anxiety and depression among hypertensive patients: a systematic review. IJMDC. 2022; 6(1): 178-185. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1631971689

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Somaili M, Kilani WAM, Sultan MAH, Kariri RMA, Majrashi EAA, Alfaifi NAY, Refaei BAI. Prevalence of anxiety and depression among hypertensive patients: a systematic review. IJMDC. (2022), [cited June 22, 2026]; 6(1): 178-185. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1631971689

Harvard Style

Somaili, M., Kilani, . W. A. M., Sultan, . M. A. H., Kariri, . R. M. A., Majrashi, . E. A. A., Alfaifi, . N. A. Y. & Refaei, . B. A. I. (2022) Prevalence of anxiety and depression among hypertensive patients: a systematic review. IJMDC, 6 (1), 178-185. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1631971689

Turabian Style

Somaili, Mohammed, Wafaa Ali M. Kilani, Maryam Ali H. Sultan, Razan Mohammed A. Kariri, Ebtessam Ahmad A. Majrashi, Nada Ali Y. Alfaifi, and Basmah Adel I. Refaei. 2022. Prevalence of anxiety and depression among hypertensive patients: a systematic review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 6 (1), 178-185. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1631971689

Chicago Style

Somaili, Mohammed, Wafaa Ali M. Kilani, Maryam Ali H. Sultan, Razan Mohammed A. Kariri, Ebtessam Ahmad A. Majrashi, Nada Ali Y. Alfaifi, and Basmah Adel I. Refaei. "Prevalence of anxiety and depression among hypertensive patients: a systematic review." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 6 (2022), 178-185. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1631971689

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Somaili, M., Kilani, . W. A. M., Sultan, . M. A. H., Kariri, . R. M. A., Majrashi, . E. A. A., Alfaifi, . N. A. Y. & Refaei, . B. A. I. (2022) Prevalence of anxiety and depression among hypertensive patients: a systematic review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 6 (1), 178-185. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1631971689

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