Cyclophosphamide related toxicity; a systematic review

Ahmed Eissa Alrefaei; Meshael Ahmed Alzahrani; Sultan Abdulrahman Alsuhaim

doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1641243189

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Review Article
Online Published: 28 Mar 2022

IJMDC. 2022; 6(5): 740-747

doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1641243189

Cyclophosphamide related toxicity; a systematic review

Ahmed Eissa Alrefaei, Meshael Ahmed Alzahrani, Sultan Abdulrahman Alsuhaim.

Abstract
Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent that has been used for the treatment of severe manifestations of autoimmune inflammatory disease. Cyclophosphamide is widely used for the treatment of malignancies; it exerts its impact through the cessation of cell division. Cyclophosphamide is similar to other chemotherapies and has various toxicities; however, its toxicity is not well reported. This review was conducted to find out cyclophosphamide-related toxicities as reported in the previous studies conducted on that subject. A total of 91 articles were obtained, but only six studies were eligible for the inclusion criteria. The studies included a total number of 3,531 participants. Cyclophosphamide was associated with various toxicities, including liver toxicity, urotoxicity, cardiac toxicity, hematological, and non-hematological toxicities. The toxicity of cyclophosphamide varied based on the regimen and combined medications, as well as some gene variants.

Key words: Cyclophosphamide, Toxicity, Predictors, Outcomes

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Pubmed Style

Alrefaei AE, Alzahrani MA, Alsuhaim SA. Cyclophosphamide related toxicity; a systematic review. IJMDC. 2022; 6(5): 740-747. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1641243189

Web Style

Alrefaei AE, Alzahrani MA, Alsuhaim SA. Cyclophosphamide related toxicity; a systematic review. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=140403 [Access: April 22, 2025]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1641243189

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Alrefaei AE, Alzahrani MA, Alsuhaim SA. Cyclophosphamide related toxicity; a systematic review. IJMDC. 2022; 6(5): 740-747. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1641243189

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Alrefaei AE, Alzahrani MA, Alsuhaim SA. Cyclophosphamide related toxicity; a systematic review. IJMDC. (2022), [cited April 22, 2025]; 6(5): 740-747. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1641243189

Harvard Style

Alrefaei, A. E., Alzahrani, . M. A. & Alsuhaim, . S. A. (2022) Cyclophosphamide related toxicity; a systematic review. IJMDC, 6 (5), 740-747. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1641243189

Turabian Style

Alrefaei, Ahmed Eissa, Meshael Ahmed Alzahrani, and Sultan Abdulrahman Alsuhaim. 2022. Cyclophosphamide related toxicity; a systematic review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 6 (5), 740-747. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1641243189

Chicago Style

Alrefaei, Ahmed Eissa, Meshael Ahmed Alzahrani, and Sultan Abdulrahman Alsuhaim. "Cyclophosphamide related toxicity; a systematic review." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 6 (2022), 740-747. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1641243189

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Alrefaei, A. E., Alzahrani, . M. A. & Alsuhaim, . S. A. (2022) Cyclophosphamide related toxicity; a systematic review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 6 (5), 740-747. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1641243189

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