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Review Article
Online Published: 08 Nov 2024
 


Epidemiology and risk factors of surgical site infections following spinal surgery in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abdulrahman M. Albeshry, Abdullah Almarhabi, Abdulelah Hussain M. Al Hamid, Abdulaziz Mohammed A. Almeraiheel, Khalid Abdullah R. Alruwaili, Fares Anwar Al Aithan, Fouad Abdulsalam S. Alghamidi, Sultan Fahad Al-hawas, Moath Harbi Shawosh, Waleed Dafer Alshahrani.


Abstract
Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a significant complication following spinal surgery, contributing to prolonged hospital stays, increased healthcare costs, and patient morbidity. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the epidemiology and risk factors associated with SSIs following spinal surgery in Saudi Arabia. A comprehensive search of databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and regional sources, identified five studies involving 1,745 patients. The pooled incidence rate of SSIs was 7% (95% CI: 3%-12%). Notable risk factors included diabetes, obesity, extended surgery duration, and blood transfusions. Posterior surgical approaches and prolonged hospital stays were also associated with increased SSI risk. Heterogeneity among studies was high (I² = 90%), indicating variability in SSI rates, likely due to differences in study design and patient demographics. The quality assessment classified three studies as high quality and two as moderate quality. The findings underscore the importance of targeted preventive strategies and improved perioperative management, particularly in high-risk patients. Further high-quality research is essential to optimize clinical outcomes for spinal surgery patients in Saudi Arabia.

Key words: Surgical site infections, spinal surgery, epidemiology, risk factors, Saudi Arabia


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Albeshry AM, Almarhabi A, Hamid AHMA, Almeraiheel AMA, Alruwaili KAR, Aithan FAA, Alghamidi FAS, Al-hawas SF, Shawosh MH, Alshahrani WD. Epidemiology and risk factors of surgical site infections following spinal surgery in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. IJMDC. 2024; 8(9): 2579-2587. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1729291297

Web Style

Albeshry AM, Almarhabi A, Hamid AHMA, Almeraiheel AMA, Alruwaili KAR, Aithan FAA, Alghamidi FAS, Al-hawas SF, Shawosh MH, Alshahrani WD. Epidemiology and risk factors of surgical site infections following spinal surgery in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=225181 [Access: January 14, 2025]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1729291297

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Albeshry AM, Almarhabi A, Hamid AHMA, Almeraiheel AMA, Alruwaili KAR, Aithan FAA, Alghamidi FAS, Al-hawas SF, Shawosh MH, Alshahrani WD. Epidemiology and risk factors of surgical site infections following spinal surgery in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. IJMDC. 2024; 8(9): 2579-2587. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1729291297


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Albeshry AM, Almarhabi A, Hamid AHMA, Almeraiheel AMA, Alruwaili KAR, Aithan FAA, Alghamidi FAS, Al-hawas SF, Shawosh MH, Alshahrani WD. Epidemiology and risk factors of surgical site infections following spinal surgery in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. IJMDC. (2024), [cited January 14, 2025]; 8(9): 2579-2587. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1729291297


Harvard Style

Albeshry, A. M., Almarhabi, . A., Hamid, . A. H. M. A., Almeraiheel, . A. M. A., Alruwaili, . K. A. R., Aithan, . F. A. A., Alghamidi, . F. A. S., Al-hawas, . S. F., Shawosh, . M. H. & Alshahrani, . W. D. (2024) Epidemiology and risk factors of surgical site infections following spinal surgery in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. IJMDC, 8 (9), 2579-2587. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1729291297


Turabian Style

Albeshry, Abdulrahman M., Abdullah Almarhabi, Abdulelah Hussain M. Al Hamid, Abdulaziz Mohammed A. Almeraiheel, Khalid Abdullah R. Alruwaili, Fares Anwar Al Aithan, Fouad Abdulsalam S. Alghamidi, Sultan Fahad Al-hawas, Moath Harbi Shawosh, and Waleed Dafer Alshahrani. 2024. Epidemiology and risk factors of surgical site infections following spinal surgery in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 8 (9), 2579-2587. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1729291297


Chicago Style

Albeshry, Abdulrahman M., Abdullah Almarhabi, Abdulelah Hussain M. Al Hamid, Abdulaziz Mohammed A. Almeraiheel, Khalid Abdullah R. Alruwaili, Fares Anwar Al Aithan, Fouad Abdulsalam S. Alghamidi, Sultan Fahad Al-hawas, Moath Harbi Shawosh, and Waleed Dafer Alshahrani. "Epidemiology and risk factors of surgical site infections following spinal surgery in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review and meta-analysis." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 8 (2024), 2579-2587. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1729291297


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Albeshry, Abdulrahman M., Abdullah Almarhabi, Abdulelah Hussain M. Al Hamid, Abdulaziz Mohammed A. Almeraiheel, Khalid Abdullah R. Alruwaili, Fares Anwar Al Aithan, Fouad Abdulsalam S. Alghamidi, Sultan Fahad Al-hawas, Moath Harbi Shawosh, and Waleed Dafer Alshahrani. "Epidemiology and risk factors of surgical site infections following spinal surgery in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review and meta-analysis." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 8.9 (2024), 2579-2587. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1729291297


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Albeshry, A. M., Almarhabi, . A., Hamid, . A. H. M. A., Almeraiheel, . A. M. A., Alruwaili, . K. A. R., Aithan, . F. A. A., Alghamidi, . F. A. S., Al-hawas, . S. F., Shawosh, . M. H. & Alshahrani, . W. D. (2024) Epidemiology and risk factors of surgical site infections following spinal surgery in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 8 (9), 2579-2587. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1729291297




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