General population perception and awareness of challenges toward female surgeons in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

Nasser A. Hakami; Hafiz I. Al-Musawa; Riyadh M. Salami; Ahmed H. Sumayli; Alhassan T. Shawk; Abdu I. Tawhari; Taif A. Kariri; Rola A. Alhathlol; Abdullah H. Alaa El Din; Sarah B. Alqahtani

doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730637115

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Original Article
Online Published: 09 Dec 2024

IJMDC. 2024; 8(10): 2804-2811

doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730637115

General population perception and awareness of challenges toward female surgeons in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

Nasser A. Hakami, Hafiz I. Al-musawa, Riyadh M. Salami, Ahmed H. Sumayli, Alhassan T. Shawk, Abdu I. Tawhari, Taif A. Kariri, Rola A. Alhathlol, Abdullah H. Alaa El Din, Sarah B. Alqahtani.

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to assess the attitude and awareness of the general population in Saudi Arabia regarding the challenges faced by female surgeons.
Methods: This cross-sectional study involved the analysis of sociodemographic data and perceptions about female Saudi surgeons. The data consisted of a diverse sample from Saudi Arabia’s general population, and chi-square tests and t-tests were used to examine the perceptions of male and female participants toward male and female surgeons.
Results: The sample consisted of 59.1% female and 40.9% male, indicating a balanced distribution. The regional distribution was proportionate with sufficient representation. Male participants believed that male surgeons were better. They also contended that females were more suitable to serve in non-surgical disciplines. It is extremely significant to learn that the perceptions of gender differences in surgical competence intercourse were significantly associated, where male participants had more negative perceptions of female surgeons.
Conclusion: The gender disparity reflected numerous cultural and institutional challenges. Male participants held more negative perceptions of the competence and suitability of female surgeons. The government must take action by enacting policies to reduce hostility and gender disparity in the workplace. Reducing cultural and gender disparities in perceptions of competence would be best achieved by addressing gender inequality before government intervention.

Key words: Female surgeons, Saudi Arabia, gender discrimination, cultural barriers, surgical field

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Pubmed Style

Hakami NA, Al-musawa HI, Salami RM, Sumayli AH, Shawk AT, Tawhari AI, Kariri TA, Alhathlol RA, Din AHAE, Alqahtani SB. General population perception and awareness of challenges toward female surgeons in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. IJMDC. 2024; 8(10): 2804-2811. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730637115

Web Style

Hakami NA, Al-musawa HI, Salami RM, Sumayli AH, Shawk AT, Tawhari AI, Kariri TA, Alhathlol RA, Din AHAE, Alqahtani SB. General population perception and awareness of challenges toward female surgeons in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=227163 [Access: April 22, 2025]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730637115

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Hakami NA, Al-musawa HI, Salami RM, Sumayli AH, Shawk AT, Tawhari AI, Kariri TA, Alhathlol RA, Din AHAE, Alqahtani SB. General population perception and awareness of challenges toward female surgeons in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. IJMDC. 2024; 8(10): 2804-2811. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730637115

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Hakami NA, Al-musawa HI, Salami RM, Sumayli AH, Shawk AT, Tawhari AI, Kariri TA, Alhathlol RA, Din AHAE, Alqahtani SB. General population perception and awareness of challenges toward female surgeons in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. IJMDC. (2024), [cited April 22, 2025]; 8(10): 2804-2811. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730637115

Harvard Style

Hakami, N. A., Al-musawa, . H. I., Salami, . R. M., Sumayli, . A. H., Shawk, . A. T., Tawhari, . A. I., Kariri, . T. A., Alhathlol, . R. A., Din, . A. H. A. E. & Alqahtani, . S. B. (2024) General population perception and awareness of challenges toward female surgeons in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. IJMDC, 8 (10), 2804-2811. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730637115

Turabian Style

Hakami, Nasser A., Hafiz I. Al-musawa, Riyadh M. Salami, Ahmed H. Sumayli, Alhassan T. Shawk, Abdu I. Tawhari, Taif A. Kariri, Rola A. Alhathlol, Abdullah H. Alaa El Din, and Sarah B. Alqahtani. 2024. General population perception and awareness of challenges toward female surgeons in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 8 (10), 2804-2811. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730637115

Chicago Style

Hakami, Nasser A., Hafiz I. Al-musawa, Riyadh M. Salami, Ahmed H. Sumayli, Alhassan T. Shawk, Abdu I. Tawhari, Taif A. Kariri, Rola A. Alhathlol, Abdullah H. Alaa El Din, and Sarah B. Alqahtani. "General population perception and awareness of challenges toward female surgeons in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 8 (2024), 2804-2811. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730637115

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Hakami, Nasser A., Hafiz I. Al-musawa, Riyadh M. Salami, Ahmed H. Sumayli, Alhassan T. Shawk, Abdu I. Tawhari, Taif A. Kariri, Rola A. Alhathlol, Abdullah H. Alaa El Din, and Sarah B. Alqahtani. "General population perception and awareness of challenges toward female surgeons in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 8.10 (2024), 2804-2811. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730637115

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Hakami, N. A., Al-musawa, . H. I., Salami, . R. M., Sumayli, . A. H., Shawk, . A. T., Tawhari, . A. I., Kariri, . T. A., Alhathlol, . R. A., Din, . A. H. A. E. & Alqahtani, . S. B. (2024) General population perception and awareness of challenges toward female surgeons in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 8 (10), 2804-2811. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1730637115

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