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2025, Vol: 9, Issue: 9
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Review Article
Online Published: 21 Jan 2025
 


Impact of early goal-directed therapy on outcomes in adult septic shock: a systematic review

Samer Hobani, Hesham A. El-beshbishy, Layan Arafah, Mohammed Khawajah, Joud Fathaldin, Layan Aljabri, Arwa Hammouda, Kholoud Alsharbatly, Rahaf Aldubiban, Saif Elahi.


Abstract
Septic shock is a critical form of sepsis, a life-threatening illness marked by organ failure due to an aberrant immunological response from the host. This condition frequently leads to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, primarily caused by microbial imbalance. As septic shock poses significant challenges requiring immediate medical intervention to prevent organ failure and reduce mortality, research into its management is crucial. The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guide lines to identify relevant literature on early goal-directed therapys (EGDT’s) effects. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EBSCOHost databases. Data were analyzed with Review Manager software, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale along with Cochrane’s Risk of Bias tool were used to evaluate the quality of included studies. Studies were classified as having a high (0-3), moderate (4-6), or low (7-9) risk of bias. Results showed no significant differences in Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores. Although EGDT reduced mortality rates, it did not demonstrate significant improvements in outcomes compared to standard treatment. The findings suggested that non-invasive, protocolized treatments might improve hemodynamics and mortality. The review indicated that advancements in standard sepsis management might have reduced the relative benefits of EGDT. Future research should focus on identifying patient subgroups that benefit most from EGDT, refining resuscitation techniques, and exploring less invasive approaches. Research into biomarkers and advanced monitoring technologies might provide deeper insights into patient responses, enabling more tailored and effective interventions.

Key words: Impact, early goal-directed therapy (EGDT), outcomes, adult septic shock, systematic review


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Hobani S, El-beshbishy HA, Arafah L, Khawajah M, Fathaldin J, Aljabri L, Hammouda A, Alsharbatly K, Aldubiban R, Elahi S. Impact of early goal-directed therapy on outcomes in adult septic shock: a systematic review. IJMDC. 2025; 9(2): 534-540. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1736520599

Web Style

Hobani S, El-beshbishy HA, Arafah L, Khawajah M, Fathaldin J, Aljabri L, Hammouda A, Alsharbatly K, Aldubiban R, Elahi S. Impact of early goal-directed therapy on outcomes in adult septic shock: a systematic review. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=237086 [Access: October 13, 2025]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1736520599

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Hobani S, El-beshbishy HA, Arafah L, Khawajah M, Fathaldin J, Aljabri L, Hammouda A, Alsharbatly K, Aldubiban R, Elahi S. Impact of early goal-directed therapy on outcomes in adult septic shock: a systematic review. IJMDC. 2025; 9(2): 534-540. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1736520599


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Hobani S, El-beshbishy HA, Arafah L, Khawajah M, Fathaldin J, Aljabri L, Hammouda A, Alsharbatly K, Aldubiban R, Elahi S. Impact of early goal-directed therapy on outcomes in adult septic shock: a systematic review. IJMDC. (2025), [cited October 13, 2025]; 9(2): 534-540. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1736520599


Harvard Style

Hobani, S., El-beshbishy, . H. A., Arafah, . L., Khawajah, . M., Fathaldin, . J., Aljabri, . L., Hammouda, . A., Alsharbatly, . K., Aldubiban, . R. & Elahi, . S. (2025) Impact of early goal-directed therapy on outcomes in adult septic shock: a systematic review. IJMDC, 9 (2), 534-540. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1736520599


Turabian Style

Hobani, Samer, Hesham A. El-beshbishy, Layan Arafah, Mohammed Khawajah, Joud Fathaldin, Layan Aljabri, Arwa Hammouda, Kholoud Alsharbatly, Rahaf Aldubiban, and Saif Elahi. 2025. Impact of early goal-directed therapy on outcomes in adult septic shock: a systematic review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (2), 534-540. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1736520599


Chicago Style

Hobani, Samer, Hesham A. El-beshbishy, Layan Arafah, Mohammed Khawajah, Joud Fathaldin, Layan Aljabri, Arwa Hammouda, Kholoud Alsharbatly, Rahaf Aldubiban, and Saif Elahi. "Impact of early goal-directed therapy on outcomes in adult septic shock: a systematic review." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9 (2025), 534-540. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1736520599


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Hobani, Samer, Hesham A. El-beshbishy, Layan Arafah, Mohammed Khawajah, Joud Fathaldin, Layan Aljabri, Arwa Hammouda, Kholoud Alsharbatly, Rahaf Aldubiban, and Saif Elahi. "Impact of early goal-directed therapy on outcomes in adult septic shock: a systematic review." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9.2 (2025), 534-540. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1736520599


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Hobani, S., El-beshbishy, . H. A., Arafah, . L., Khawajah, . M., Fathaldin, . J., Aljabri, . L., Hammouda, . A., Alsharbatly, . K., Aldubiban, . R. & Elahi, . S. (2025) Impact of early goal-directed therapy on outcomes in adult septic shock: a systematic review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (2), 534-540. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1736520599




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