Prevalence, causes, treatment, and outcome of epistaxis

Zahi Mohammed Alqarni; Turke Ali Alajmi; Ussam Hussain Alhumaidi; Alhareth Alhussain; Yazeed Musaad Alotaibi; Hussam Saeed Alzahrani

doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1546952315

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Original Article
Online Published: 12 Feb 2019

IJMDC. 2019; 3(5): 446-449

doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1546952315

Prevalence, causes, treatment, and outcome of epistaxis

Zahi Mohammed Alqarni, Turke Ali Alajmi, Ussam Hussain Alhumaidi, Alhareth Alhussain, Yazeed Musaad Alotaibi, Hussam Saeed Alzahrani.

Abstract
Background:
Epistaxis is defined as acute hemorrhage from the nostril, nasal cavity, or nasopharynx. Nasal bleeding ranges from mild to severe life-threatening. Epistaxis may last from a few minutes to more than an hour. It rarely occurs in those less than 2 years of age but is commonly observed in children between 3-8 years of age. The current study was done to investigate the prevalence, causes, treatment, and outcome of epistaxis in Saudi population.
Methodology
This study was conducted on parents using an online survey; the survey investigated the clinical characteristics, demographics of children and parents. The Statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS program, V.20) was used to analyze the obtained data.
Results:
The prevalence of epistaxis among children was found to be 39.5%, and it was acute in 70.9%. The most common cause of epistaxis was the inflammatory diseases (50.5%) and the most common complication reported was recurrent epistaxis 12(15.2%). Observation alone was the most given management option 69.6%, recovery was obtained in 100% of patients.
Conclusion:
There was a moderate prevalence of epistaxis among children in the studied population. The study also concluded that observation and hospital stay could result in better outcomes and speedy recovery of epistaxis in children.

Key words: Epistaxis prevalence, children epistaxis, epistaxis management.

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Pubmed Style

Alqarni ZM, Alajmi TA, Alhumaidi UH, Alhussain A, Alotaibi YM, Alzahrani HS. Prevalence, causes, treatment, and outcome of epistaxis. IJMDC. 2019; 3(5): 446-449. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1546952315

Web Style

Alqarni ZM, Alajmi TA, Alhumaidi UH, Alhussain A, Alotaibi YM, Alzahrani HS. Prevalence, causes, treatment, and outcome of epistaxis. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=25231 [Access: October 13, 2025]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1546952315

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Alqarni ZM, Alajmi TA, Alhumaidi UH, Alhussain A, Alotaibi YM, Alzahrani HS. Prevalence, causes, treatment, and outcome of epistaxis. IJMDC. 2019; 3(5): 446-449. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1546952315

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Alqarni ZM, Alajmi TA, Alhumaidi UH, Alhussain A, Alotaibi YM, Alzahrani HS. Prevalence, causes, treatment, and outcome of epistaxis. IJMDC. (2019), [cited October 13, 2025]; 3(5): 446-449. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1546952315

Harvard Style

Alqarni, Z. M., Alajmi, . T. A., Alhumaidi, . U. H., Alhussain, . A., Alotaibi, . Y. M. & Alzahrani, . H. S. (2019) Prevalence, causes, treatment, and outcome of epistaxis. IJMDC, 3 (5), 446-449. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1546952315

Turabian Style

Alqarni, Zahi Mohammed, Turke Ali Alajmi, Ussam Hussain Alhumaidi, Alhareth Alhussain, Yazeed Musaad Alotaibi, and Hussam Saeed Alzahrani. 2019. Prevalence, causes, treatment, and outcome of epistaxis. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 3 (5), 446-449. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1546952315

Chicago Style

Alqarni, Zahi Mohammed, Turke Ali Alajmi, Ussam Hussain Alhumaidi, Alhareth Alhussain, Yazeed Musaad Alotaibi, and Hussam Saeed Alzahrani. "Prevalence, causes, treatment, and outcome of epistaxis." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 3 (2019), 446-449. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1546952315

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Alqarni, Z. M., Alajmi, . T. A., Alhumaidi, . U. H., Alhussain, . A., Alotaibi, . Y. M. & Alzahrani, . H. S. (2019) Prevalence, causes, treatment, and outcome of epistaxis. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 3 (5), 446-449. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1546952315

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