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2026, Vol: 10, Issue: 3
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Original Article
Online Published: 22 Jan 2026
 


Association between lifestyle factors and the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome in Al-Baha City: a cross-sectional study

Sadeem Ali S. Alamri, Reem Mesra A. Alghamdi, Adwa Abdullah M. Alzahrani, Omar M. Sabri Mousa, Futun Attiah M. Alshanini, Sarah Safar I. Alzahrani, Lamees Khalid I. Alzahrani, Ramy Hassan Agwa, Warda Othman Saad.


Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of IBS among the Al-Baha population, examine the co-occurrence of CFS in these patients, and explore poor lifestyle as a potential risk factor in this context.
Methods: A cross-sectional design was used, including 407 individuals who answered a structured questionnaire built on Rome IV 2016 criteria for IBS and CDC 1994 criteria for CFS.
Results: The IBS was prevalent in 7.1%, while CFS was diagnosed in 0.7% of participants. There was a significant association between IBS and body mass index (BMI) (p-value=0.026), with the highest prevalence amongst the underweight individuals (34.5%). CFS was significantly associated with smoking (p-value=0.049). For both conditions, poor sleep quality and lower physical activity levels were individually associated with disease, but no statistical significance existed for trends of association. Minimal overlap occurred between IBS and CFS; only one participant was diagnosed with both.
Conclusion: This study draws attention to the roles of modifiable lifestyle factors such as BMI and smoking in IBS and CFS and emphasized on the need for gender-sensitive, condition-specific clinical strategies. Longitudinal designs are needed to explore causality, underlying mechanisms, and to improve strategies for management in the future.

Key words: Irritable bowel syndrome, chronic fatigue syndrome, body mass index, smoking, physical activity, Saudi Arabia


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Alamri SAS, Alghamdi RMA, Alzahrani AAM, Mousa OMS, Alshanini FAM, Alzahrani SSI, Alzahrani LKI, Agwa RH, Saad WO. Association between lifestyle factors and the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome in Al-Baha City: a cross-sectional study. IJMDC. 2026; 10(3): 888-897. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1764852130

Web Style

Alamri SAS, Alghamdi RMA, Alzahrani AAM, Mousa OMS, Alshanini FAM, Alzahrani SSI, Alzahrani LKI, Agwa RH, Saad WO. Association between lifestyle factors and the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome in Al-Baha City: a cross-sectional study. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=301479 [Access: February 23, 2026]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1764852130

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Alamri SAS, Alghamdi RMA, Alzahrani AAM, Mousa OMS, Alshanini FAM, Alzahrani SSI, Alzahrani LKI, Agwa RH, Saad WO. Association between lifestyle factors and the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome in Al-Baha City: a cross-sectional study. IJMDC. 2026; 10(3): 888-897. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1764852130


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Alamri SAS, Alghamdi RMA, Alzahrani AAM, Mousa OMS, Alshanini FAM, Alzahrani SSI, Alzahrani LKI, Agwa RH, Saad WO. Association between lifestyle factors and the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome in Al-Baha City: a cross-sectional study. IJMDC. (2026), [cited February 23, 2026]; 10(3): 888-897. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1764852130


Harvard Style

Alamri, S. A. S., Alghamdi, . R. M. A., Alzahrani, . A. A. M., Mousa, . O. M. S., Alshanini, . F. A. M., Alzahrani, . S. S. I., Alzahrani, . L. K. I., Agwa, . R. H. & Saad, . W. O. (2026) Association between lifestyle factors and the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome in Al-Baha City: a cross-sectional study. IJMDC, 10 (3), 888-897. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1764852130


Turabian Style

Alamri, Sadeem Ali S., Reem Mesra A. Alghamdi, Adwa Abdullah M. Alzahrani, Omar M. Sabri Mousa, Futun Attiah M. Alshanini, Sarah Safar I. Alzahrani, Lamees Khalid I. Alzahrani, Ramy Hassan Agwa, and Warda Othman Saad. 2026. Association between lifestyle factors and the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome in Al-Baha City: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 10 (3), 888-897. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1764852130


Chicago Style

Alamri, Sadeem Ali S., Reem Mesra A. Alghamdi, Adwa Abdullah M. Alzahrani, Omar M. Sabri Mousa, Futun Attiah M. Alshanini, Sarah Safar I. Alzahrani, Lamees Khalid I. Alzahrani, Ramy Hassan Agwa, and Warda Othman Saad. "Association between lifestyle factors and the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome in Al-Baha City: a cross-sectional study." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 10 (2026), 888-897. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1764852130


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Alamri, Sadeem Ali S., Reem Mesra A. Alghamdi, Adwa Abdullah M. Alzahrani, Omar M. Sabri Mousa, Futun Attiah M. Alshanini, Sarah Safar I. Alzahrani, Lamees Khalid I. Alzahrani, Ramy Hassan Agwa, and Warda Othman Saad. "Association between lifestyle factors and the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome in Al-Baha City: a cross-sectional study." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 10.3 (2026), 888-897. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1764852130


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Alamri, S. A. S., Alghamdi, . R. M. A., Alzahrani, . A. A. M., Mousa, . O. M. S., Alshanini, . F. A. M., Alzahrani, . S. S. I., Alzahrani, . L. K. I., Agwa, . R. H. & Saad, . W. O. (2026) Association between lifestyle factors and the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome in Al-Baha City: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 10 (3), 888-897. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1764852130




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