E-ISSN 1658-7820
 
2026, Vol: 10, Issue: 1
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Review Article
Online Published: 08 Jan 2026
 


The link between sleep disorders and future risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Adnan A. Mubaraki, Mohammed Saad Ibrahim Alhamyani, Bader Safar Ghorm Allah Alghamdi, Muhannad Saad Alhomyani, Anas Ali Hassan Alshamrani, Yazeed Sultan A. Alotaibi, Hussam Mohammed M. Alghannami, Abdullah Mohammed Abdullah Alshalawi.


Abstract
Dementia development has been linked to sleep problems, but the type and extent of this link are still unknown. The future dementia risk was examined in this systematic review and meta-analysis according to several sleep disorders. Based on 15 longitudinal studies released from 2020 up to December 2025, a thorough review and meta-analysis were carried out. These studies monitored 2,281,507 individuals from several nations for periods ranging from four to forty years. Different sleep disorders were investigated among the studies, including insomnia, sleep disturbance, excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS, and restless leg syndrome (RLS). Meta-analysis was conducted to assess the hazard ratio (HR) of the development of dementia among patients with sleep disorders. The Meta-analysis found that all-cause sleep disorders were associated with a significantly higher risk for dementia (HR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.05–1.22, p-value=0.0082). Among different sleep disorders, EDS showed the highest risk for development dementia with HR of 1.41 (95% CI: 1.17-1.71), followed by RLS (HR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.04–1.60), inomnia (HR: 1.19, 95 % CI: 1.06-1.35), sleeping for less than 7 hours or more than 8 hours (HR: 1.18). Poor sleep quality and difficulties in falling asleep did not show a significant correlation with the risk of dementia. The current systematic review confirmed the significant association between sleep disorders and the chance of developing future dementia. These findings indicated the importance of managing sleep disorders as a modifiable risk for the prevention of future dementia.

Key words: Sleep disorders, risk, dementia, systematic review, meta-analysis.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Mubaraki AA, Alhamyani MSI, Alghamdi BSGA, Alhomyani MS, Alshamrani AAH, Alotaibi YSA, Alghannami HMM, Alshalawi AMA. The link between sleep disorders and future risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. IJMDC. 2026; 10(1): 433-440. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1765548681

Web Style

Mubaraki AA, Alhamyani MSI, Alghamdi BSGA, Alhomyani MS, Alshamrani AAH, Alotaibi YSA, Alghannami HMM, Alshalawi AMA. The link between sleep disorders and future risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=303000 [Access: January 25, 2026]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1765548681

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Mubaraki AA, Alhamyani MSI, Alghamdi BSGA, Alhomyani MS, Alshamrani AAH, Alotaibi YSA, Alghannami HMM, Alshalawi AMA. The link between sleep disorders and future risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. IJMDC. 2026; 10(1): 433-440. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1765548681


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Mubaraki AA, Alhamyani MSI, Alghamdi BSGA, Alhomyani MS, Alshamrani AAH, Alotaibi YSA, Alghannami HMM, Alshalawi AMA. The link between sleep disorders and future risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. IJMDC. (2026), [cited January 25, 2026]; 10(1): 433-440. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1765548681


Harvard Style

Mubaraki, A. A., Alhamyani, . M. S. I., Alghamdi, . B. S. G. A., Alhomyani, . M. S., Alshamrani, . A. A. H., Alotaibi, . Y. S. A., Alghannami, . H. M. M. & Alshalawi, . A. M. A. (2026) The link between sleep disorders and future risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. IJMDC, 10 (1), 433-440. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1765548681


Turabian Style

Mubaraki, Adnan A., Mohammed Saad Ibrahim Alhamyani, Bader Safar Ghorm Allah Alghamdi, Muhannad Saad Alhomyani, Anas Ali Hassan Alshamrani, Yazeed Sultan A. Alotaibi, Hussam Mohammed M. Alghannami, and Abdullah Mohammed Abdullah Alshalawi. 2026. The link between sleep disorders and future risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 10 (1), 433-440. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1765548681


Chicago Style

Mubaraki, Adnan A., Mohammed Saad Ibrahim Alhamyani, Bader Safar Ghorm Allah Alghamdi, Muhannad Saad Alhomyani, Anas Ali Hassan Alshamrani, Yazeed Sultan A. Alotaibi, Hussam Mohammed M. Alghannami, and Abdullah Mohammed Abdullah Alshalawi. "The link between sleep disorders and future risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 10 (2026), 433-440. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1765548681


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Mubaraki, Adnan A., Mohammed Saad Ibrahim Alhamyani, Bader Safar Ghorm Allah Alghamdi, Muhannad Saad Alhomyani, Anas Ali Hassan Alshamrani, Yazeed Sultan A. Alotaibi, Hussam Mohammed M. Alghannami, and Abdullah Mohammed Abdullah Alshalawi. "The link between sleep disorders and future risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 10.1 (2026), 433-440. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1765548681


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Mubaraki, A. A., Alhamyani, . M. S. I., Alghamdi, . B. S. G. A., Alhomyani, . M. S., Alshamrani, . A. A. H., Alotaibi, . Y. S. A., Alghannami, . H. M. M. & Alshalawi, . A. M. A. (2026) The link between sleep disorders and future risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 10 (1), 433-440. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1765548681




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