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2025, Vol: 9, Issue: 9
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Review Article
Online Published: 08 Jan 2025
 


Association of protein intake and high uric acid stone risk: a systematic review

Muath Badr Alawad, Mohammed Jafar Almuayrifi, Mohammed Hussain Al-suabie, Abdullah Saeed Abdullah, Abdulaziz Hassan Alraddadi, Adel Salman Algaadi.


Abstract
Kidney stones are a common urologic disease and include calcium-containing stones and less common uric acid (UA) stones. UA is produced from the oxidative breakage of purine nucleotides in humans. Food rich in protein is a considerable element in stone pathogenesis. To assess the association between consumption of protein and UA stone formation by reviewing the previous studies reported on this subject. An electronic database was used to search for related studies and using related terms with no limitation of date for the searching process. The eligible studies were those conducted on human subjects, original English studies, and available for full text. Eight articles were enrolled, with 1,509 subjects. The studies either compared groups of subjects or compared food diets. The formation of UA stones is linked with the protein consumption level as protein intake affects the levels of UA and pH of urine, where the high production of UA and reduced pH levels increase the tendency for UA crystallization and stone formation.

Key words: Protein intake, uric acid, stones, risk, systemic review


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Alawad MB, Almuayrifi MJ, Al-suabie MH, Abdullah AS, Alraddadi AH, Algaadi AS. Association of protein intake and high uric acid stone risk: a systematic review. IJMDC. 2024; 8(12): 3747-3753. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1733496292

Web Style

Alawad MB, Almuayrifi MJ, Al-suabie MH, Abdullah AS, Alraddadi AH, Algaadi AS. Association of protein intake and high uric acid stone risk: a systematic review. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=231887 [Access: October 14, 2025]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1733496292

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Alawad MB, Almuayrifi MJ, Al-suabie MH, Abdullah AS, Alraddadi AH, Algaadi AS. Association of protein intake and high uric acid stone risk: a systematic review. IJMDC. 2024; 8(12): 3747-3753. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1733496292


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Alawad MB, Almuayrifi MJ, Al-suabie MH, Abdullah AS, Alraddadi AH, Algaadi AS. Association of protein intake and high uric acid stone risk: a systematic review. IJMDC. (2024), [cited October 14, 2025]; 8(12): 3747-3753. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1733496292


Harvard Style

Alawad, M. B., Almuayrifi, . M. J., Al-suabie, . M. H., Abdullah, . A. S., Alraddadi, . A. H. & Algaadi, . A. S. (2024) Association of protein intake and high uric acid stone risk: a systematic review. IJMDC, 8 (12), 3747-3753. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1733496292


Turabian Style

Alawad, Muath Badr, Mohammed Jafar Almuayrifi, Mohammed Hussain Al-suabie, Abdullah Saeed Abdullah, Abdulaziz Hassan Alraddadi, and Adel Salman Algaadi. 2024. Association of protein intake and high uric acid stone risk: a systematic review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 8 (12), 3747-3753. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1733496292


Chicago Style

Alawad, Muath Badr, Mohammed Jafar Almuayrifi, Mohammed Hussain Al-suabie, Abdullah Saeed Abdullah, Abdulaziz Hassan Alraddadi, and Adel Salman Algaadi. "Association of protein intake and high uric acid stone risk: a systematic review." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 8 (2024), 3747-3753. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1733496292


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Alawad, Muath Badr, Mohammed Jafar Almuayrifi, Mohammed Hussain Al-suabie, Abdullah Saeed Abdullah, Abdulaziz Hassan Alraddadi, and Adel Salman Algaadi. "Association of protein intake and high uric acid stone risk: a systematic review." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 8.12 (2024), 3747-3753. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1733496292


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Alawad, M. B., Almuayrifi, . M. J., Al-suabie, . M. H., Abdullah, . A. S., Alraddadi, . A. H. & Algaadi, . A. S. (2024) Association of protein intake and high uric acid stone risk: a systematic review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 8 (12), 3747-3753. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1733496292




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