CT versus MRI for Staging Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review

Qaed Salem Alhammami; Rayan Murdhi Ali Alzahrani; Hawra Ebraheem Nasser Alnasser; Amal Saleem Al-Johani; Jawad Awad Alnajjar; Reem Abdullah Adlan Al-abbas; Sara Waleed Buholaiqh; Salem Ibrahim S. Aljaddua; Shahad Shaker Al-Shaker; Abdullah Hamad I. Alsabhawi

doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734639451

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Online Published: 20 Jan 2025

IJMDC. 2025; 9(1): 162-168

doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734639451

CT versus MRI for Staging Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review

Qaed Salem Alhammami, Rayan Murdhi Ali Alzahrani, Hawra Ebraheem Nasser Alnasser, Amal Saleem Al-johani, Jawad Awad Alnajjar, Reem Abdullah Adlan Al-abbas, Sara Waleed Buholaiqh, Salem Ibrahim S. Aljaddua, Shahad Shaker Al-shaker, Abdullah Hamad I. Alsabhawi.

Abstract
We used 832 relevant publications from a thorough search across four databases to compare the diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the staging of bladder cancer (BCa). After reviewing 29 full-text publications, removing duplicates using Rayyan Qatar Computing Research Institute, and assessing relevance, we ultimately found eight research articles that met the inclusion criteria. We included eight studies with a total of 560 BCa patients, the majority of whom were males (73.2%). MRI demonstrated superiority over CT in low and intermediate tumor stages, particularly for assessing muscle-invasive BCa, which is critical for treatment planning. CT was more reliable for staging muscle-invasive BCa and localized disease, whereas MRI excelled in staging extravesical disease. Both modalities showed comparable accuracy in lymph node staging, with MRI's soft-tissue contrast offering an advantage in detecting subtle features. In addition, three studies found no significant differences between CT and MRI for primary tumor detection, highlighting their interchangeable use in specific contexts. This systematic review highlights the complementary roles of CT and MRI in BCa staging, with their use depending on the disease stage and clinical context. MRI is particularly effective for intermediate and advanced stages, especially in detecting muscle-invasive BCa, while CT remains valuable for localized and muscle-invasive disease. Both modalities perform similarly in identifying primary tumors and staging lymph nodes, enabling the customization of imaging strategies to meet the specific needs of each patient. Advanced imaging techniques, such as positron emission tomography/CT, offer potential improvements in diagnostic accuracy, particularly for nodal staging, and they can complement traditional methods. We need future prospective studies with standardized imaging protocols to further define the roles of CT and MRI, ensuring optimal diagnosis and patient outcomes.

Key words: Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, bladder cancer, diagnostic accuracy, systematic review.

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Pubmed Style

Alhammami QS, Alzahrani RMA, Alnasser HEN, Al-johani AS, Alnajjar JA, Al-abbas RAA, Buholaiqh SW, Aljaddua SIS, Al-shaker SS, Alsabhawi AHI. CT versus MRI for Staging Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review. IJMDC. 2025; 9(1): 162-168. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734639451

Web Style

Alhammami QS, Alzahrani RMA, Alnasser HEN, Al-johani AS, Alnajjar JA, Al-abbas RAA, Buholaiqh SW, Aljaddua SIS, Al-shaker SS, Alsabhawi AHI. CT versus MRI for Staging Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=233809 [Access: October 14, 2025]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734639451

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Alhammami QS, Alzahrani RMA, Alnasser HEN, Al-johani AS, Alnajjar JA, Al-abbas RAA, Buholaiqh SW, Aljaddua SIS, Al-shaker SS, Alsabhawi AHI. CT versus MRI for Staging Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review. IJMDC. 2025; 9(1): 162-168. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734639451

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Alhammami QS, Alzahrani RMA, Alnasser HEN, Al-johani AS, Alnajjar JA, Al-abbas RAA, Buholaiqh SW, Aljaddua SIS, Al-shaker SS, Alsabhawi AHI. CT versus MRI for Staging Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review. IJMDC. (2025), [cited October 14, 2025]; 9(1): 162-168. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734639451

Harvard Style

Alhammami, Q. S., Alzahrani, . R. M. A., Alnasser, . H. E. N., Al-johani, . A. S., Alnajjar, . J. A., Al-abbas, . R. A. A., Buholaiqh, . S. W., Aljaddua, . S. I. S., Al-shaker, . S. S. & Alsabhawi, . A. H. I. (2025) CT versus MRI for Staging Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review. IJMDC, 9 (1), 162-168. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734639451

Turabian Style

Alhammami, Qaed Salem, Rayan Murdhi Ali Alzahrani, Hawra Ebraheem Nasser Alnasser, Amal Saleem Al-johani, Jawad Awad Alnajjar, Reem Abdullah Adlan Al-abbas, Sara Waleed Buholaiqh, Salem Ibrahim S. Aljaddua, Shahad Shaker Al-shaker, and Abdullah Hamad I. Alsabhawi. 2025. CT versus MRI for Staging Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (1), 162-168. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734639451

Chicago Style

Alhammami, Qaed Salem, Rayan Murdhi Ali Alzahrani, Hawra Ebraheem Nasser Alnasser, Amal Saleem Al-johani, Jawad Awad Alnajjar, Reem Abdullah Adlan Al-abbas, Sara Waleed Buholaiqh, Salem Ibrahim S. Aljaddua, Shahad Shaker Al-shaker, and Abdullah Hamad I. Alsabhawi. "CT versus MRI for Staging Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9 (2025), 162-168. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734639451

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Alhammami, Qaed Salem, Rayan Murdhi Ali Alzahrani, Hawra Ebraheem Nasser Alnasser, Amal Saleem Al-johani, Jawad Awad Alnajjar, Reem Abdullah Adlan Al-abbas, Sara Waleed Buholaiqh, Salem Ibrahim S. Aljaddua, Shahad Shaker Al-shaker, and Abdullah Hamad I. Alsabhawi. "CT versus MRI for Staging Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9.1 (2025), 162-168. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734639451

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Alhammami, Q. S., Alzahrani, . R. M. A., Alnasser, . H. E. N., Al-johani, . A. S., Alnajjar, . J. A., Al-abbas, . R. A. A., Buholaiqh, . S. W., Aljaddua, . S. I. S., Al-shaker, . S. S. & Alsabhawi, . A. H. I. (2025) CT versus MRI for Staging Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (1), 162-168. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1734639451

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