Knowledge and frequency of retinoid use among the general population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Safa H. Alkalash; Ghadir A. Alakhfash; Alhasan A. Alakhfash; Mohammed I Almakram; Shaima Alghamdi; Rahaf A. Alqozi; Njoud M. Alkedaisi

doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1762760867

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Original Article
Online Published: 25 Dec 2025

IJMDC. 2025; 9(12): 3122-3133

doi: 10.24911/IJMDC.51-1762760867

Knowledge and frequency of retinoid use among the general population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Safa H. Alkalash, Ghadir A. Alakhfash, Alhasan A. Alakhfash, Mohammed Almakram, Shaima Alghamdi, Rahaf A. Alqozi, Njoud M. Alkedaisi.

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, frequency, and patterns of topical and oral retinoid use among the general population in Saudi Arabia.
Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was performed in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. From April to June 2023, data were gathered via a 49-item online survey distributed to 1,522 participants across diverse regions of Saudi Arabia. The survey covered demographic characteristics, usage patterns, and knowledge of contraindications, side effects, and adherence to recommended precautions.
Results: More than half of participants (56.2%) were young (aged 20-29 years). While 634 of the sample (42%) had experience with retinoid, only 452 (29.7%) demonstrated “good” knowledge. Most participants recognized critical safety measures, including avoiding retinoids during pregnancy (71%), and breastfeeding (58.9%), and appreciating the importance of hydration was mentioned by 1,108 (72.8%) participants. However, many participants were unaware that retinoids should be avoided in eczema patients. Many individuals were self-prescribing retinoids instead of consulting healthcare professionals.
Conclusion: The Saudi public exhibited a serious lack of knowledge and unsafe retinoid use behaviour. Stricter regulations targeted public health campaigns, and improved patient counselling can all contribute to the safe and efficient use of retinoids. Healthcare professionals and legislators can reduce risks, improve treatment outcomes, and advance the community's best dermatological health by putting these strategies into practice.

Key words: Acne vulgaris, awareness, knowledge, pattern, retinoid, Saudi Arabia.

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Pubmed Style

Alkalash SH, Alakhfash GA, Alakhfash AA, Almakram M, Alghamdi S, Alqozi RA, Alkedaisi NM. Knowledge and frequency of retinoid use among the general population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. IJMDC. 2025; 9(12): 3122-3133. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1762760867

Web Style

Alkalash SH, Alakhfash GA, Alakhfash AA, Almakram M, Alghamdi S, Alqozi RA, Alkedaisi NM. Knowledge and frequency of retinoid use among the general population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=295672 [Access: January 16, 2026]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1762760867

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Alkalash SH, Alakhfash GA, Alakhfash AA, Almakram M, Alghamdi S, Alqozi RA, Alkedaisi NM. Knowledge and frequency of retinoid use among the general population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. IJMDC. 2025; 9(12): 3122-3133. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1762760867

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Alkalash SH, Alakhfash GA, Alakhfash AA, Almakram M, Alghamdi S, Alqozi RA, Alkedaisi NM. Knowledge and frequency of retinoid use among the general population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. IJMDC. (2025), [cited January 16, 2026]; 9(12): 3122-3133. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1762760867

Harvard Style

Alkalash, S. H., Alakhfash, . G. A., Alakhfash, . A. A., Almakram, . M., Alghamdi, . S., Alqozi, . R. A. & Alkedaisi, . N. M. (2025) Knowledge and frequency of retinoid use among the general population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. IJMDC, 9 (12), 3122-3133. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1762760867

Turabian Style

Alkalash, Safa H., Ghadir A. Alakhfash, Alhasan A. Alakhfash, Mohammed Almakram, Shaima Alghamdi, Rahaf A. Alqozi, and Njoud M. Alkedaisi. 2025. Knowledge and frequency of retinoid use among the general population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (12), 3122-3133. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1762760867

Chicago Style

Alkalash, Safa H., Ghadir A. Alakhfash, Alhasan A. Alakhfash, Mohammed Almakram, Shaima Alghamdi, Rahaf A. Alqozi, and Njoud M. Alkedaisi. "Knowledge and frequency of retinoid use among the general population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9 (2025), 3122-3133. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1762760867

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Alkalash, Safa H., Ghadir A. Alakhfash, Alhasan A. Alakhfash, Mohammed Almakram, Shaima Alghamdi, Rahaf A. Alqozi, and Njoud M. Alkedaisi. "Knowledge and frequency of retinoid use among the general population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9.12 (2025), 3122-3133. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1762760867

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Alkalash, S. H., Alakhfash, . G. A., Alakhfash, . A. A., Almakram, . M., Alghamdi, . S., Alqozi, . R. A. & Alkedaisi, . N. M. (2025) Knowledge and frequency of retinoid use among the general population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (12), 3122-3133. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1762760867

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