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2026, Vol: 10, Issue: 3
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Original Article
Online Published: 21 Dec 2025
 


Contrast-induced nephropathy following percutaneous coronary intervention at King Fahad Hospital of the University

Mahmoud Hassan, Rudaynah Alali, Abdullah H. Alnasser, Safia Makki Al Abbas, Komail Mohammed Alramadhan, Abdullah Yousef Alramadan, Ali Tahir Alwail, Mokhtar Hassan Al-mohammad Ali, Abdullah Majed Alkhudair, Mohammed Waleed Almulhim, Ahmed Adnan Alsalman, Hussain Ali Albaqal, Mohammed Almansouri, Sami Ghazal.


Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) among coronary artery disease (CAD) patients who had percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at least once previously and to determine patients who were at a higher risk of developing CIN at a single center in Saudi Arabia.
Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with CAD who underwent coronary angiography with PCI at King Fahad Hospital of the University (KFHU) between June 2022 and April 2024.
Results: The study included 298 patients; 6.7% of them developed CIN following PCI. Moreover, the risk of CIN was significantly higher in patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing PCI (univariate OR = 3.32 (1.25-10.43, p-value=0.024); multivariate OR = 10.09 (1.86-92.27, p-value=0.016)). Also, the level of creatinine before PCI significantly increased the risk of CIN (multivariate OR = 0.01 (0.00-0.13, p-value=0.001)).
Conclusion: CIN is recognized as a frequent complication after PCI, particularly in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Key words: Contrast-induced nephropathy, kidney injury, percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery disease, Saudi Arabia.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Hassan M, Alali R, Alnasser AH, Abbas SMA, Alramadhan KM, Alramadan AY, Alwail AT, Ali MHA, Alkhudair AM, Almulhim MW, Alsalman AA, Albaqal HA, Almansouri M, Ghazal S. Contrast-induced nephropathy following percutaneous coronary intervention at King Fahad Hospital of the University. IJMDC. 2025; 9(12): 3167-3173. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1763637131

Web Style

Hassan M, Alali R, Alnasser AH, Abbas SMA, Alramadhan KM, Alramadan AY, Alwail AT, Ali MHA, Alkhudair AM, Almulhim MW, Alsalman AA, Albaqal HA, Almansouri M, Ghazal S. Contrast-induced nephropathy following percutaneous coronary intervention at King Fahad Hospital of the University. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=298181 [Access: January 16, 2026]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1763637131

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Hassan M, Alali R, Alnasser AH, Abbas SMA, Alramadhan KM, Alramadan AY, Alwail AT, Ali MHA, Alkhudair AM, Almulhim MW, Alsalman AA, Albaqal HA, Almansouri M, Ghazal S. Contrast-induced nephropathy following percutaneous coronary intervention at King Fahad Hospital of the University. IJMDC. 2025; 9(12): 3167-3173. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1763637131


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Hassan M, Alali R, Alnasser AH, Abbas SMA, Alramadhan KM, Alramadan AY, Alwail AT, Ali MHA, Alkhudair AM, Almulhim MW, Alsalman AA, Albaqal HA, Almansouri M, Ghazal S. Contrast-induced nephropathy following percutaneous coronary intervention at King Fahad Hospital of the University. IJMDC. (2025), [cited January 16, 2026]; 9(12): 3167-3173. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1763637131


Harvard Style

Hassan, M., Alali, . R., Alnasser, . A. H., Abbas, . S. M. A., Alramadhan, . K. M., Alramadan, . A. Y., Alwail, . A. T., Ali, . M. H. A., Alkhudair, . A. M., Almulhim, . M. W., Alsalman, . A. A., Albaqal, . H. A., Almansouri, . M. & Ghazal, . S. (2025) Contrast-induced nephropathy following percutaneous coronary intervention at King Fahad Hospital of the University. IJMDC, 9 (12), 3167-3173. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1763637131


Turabian Style

Hassan, Mahmoud, Rudaynah Alali, Abdullah H. Alnasser, Safia Makki Al Abbas, Komail Mohammed Alramadhan, Abdullah Yousef Alramadan, Ali Tahir Alwail, Mokhtar Hassan Al-mohammad Ali, Abdullah Majed Alkhudair, Mohammed Waleed Almulhim, Ahmed Adnan Alsalman, Hussain Ali Albaqal, Mohammed Almansouri, and Sami Ghazal. 2025. Contrast-induced nephropathy following percutaneous coronary intervention at King Fahad Hospital of the University. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (12), 3167-3173. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1763637131


Chicago Style

Hassan, Mahmoud, Rudaynah Alali, Abdullah H. Alnasser, Safia Makki Al Abbas, Komail Mohammed Alramadhan, Abdullah Yousef Alramadan, Ali Tahir Alwail, Mokhtar Hassan Al-mohammad Ali, Abdullah Majed Alkhudair, Mohammed Waleed Almulhim, Ahmed Adnan Alsalman, Hussain Ali Albaqal, Mohammed Almansouri, and Sami Ghazal. "Contrast-induced nephropathy following percutaneous coronary intervention at King Fahad Hospital of the University." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9 (2025), 3167-3173. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1763637131


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Hassan, Mahmoud, Rudaynah Alali, Abdullah H. Alnasser, Safia Makki Al Abbas, Komail Mohammed Alramadhan, Abdullah Yousef Alramadan, Ali Tahir Alwail, Mokhtar Hassan Al-mohammad Ali, Abdullah Majed Alkhudair, Mohammed Waleed Almulhim, Ahmed Adnan Alsalman, Hussain Ali Albaqal, Mohammed Almansouri, and Sami Ghazal. "Contrast-induced nephropathy following percutaneous coronary intervention at King Fahad Hospital of the University." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 9.12 (2025), 3167-3173. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1763637131


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Hassan, M., Alali, . R., Alnasser, . A. H., Abbas, . S. M. A., Alramadhan, . K. M., Alramadan, . A. Y., Alwail, . A. T., Ali, . M. H. A., Alkhudair, . A. M., Almulhim, . M. W., Alsalman, . A. A., Albaqal, . H. A., Almansouri, . M. & Ghazal, . S. (2025) Contrast-induced nephropathy following percutaneous coronary intervention at King Fahad Hospital of the University. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 9 (12), 3167-3173. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1763637131




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