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2026, Vol: 10, Issue: 1
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Review Article
Online Published: 20 Jan 2026
 


The impact of transfer time from the emergency department to intensive care unit on patient’s outcomes: a systematic review

Mohammad Ahmad M. Ashshi, Jawad Mohammad N. Felemban, Saba Mohammed N. Bamagos, Mohammed Fadeel A. Ghannam, Anan Malik I. Melibari, Omar Abdullah S. Alghamdi, Abdullah Khalid Alsufyani, Basem Salem Saleh Basudan, Omar Babateen.


Abstract
The requirements of patients might necessitate intrahospital patient transfers, which include the shifting of care responsibilities between hospital units. The patients who are admitted to the emergency department (ED) usually had a greater severity that necessitates emergent attention and might require admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Delaying this procedure puts the patients at risk of experiencing poor outcomes. The phenomenon of delayed admission of patients to the ICU has a growing incidence and is presumed to hurt patient outcomes. ED length of stay (LOS) is a potential indicator to evaluate ED efficiency, especially for cases requiring hospitalization. This review aimed to assess the effect of the time taken to transfer patients from the ED to the ICU on the outcomes of patients by reviewing the previous studies conducted on this subject. Obtaining articles to write this review required searching via scientific databases and using several related terms. The eligible articles were those officially published original English articles conducted on the adult population available for full-text and published after 2016. A total of ten studies met the criteria and were enrolled, with a total number of 12,365 patients who were transferred from the ED to the ICU. Prolonged time before admission to ICU, including ED LOS and the time to transfer patients from ED to ICU, had adverse impacts on the patients' outcomes. Also, the increase in time in the ED before admission to the ICU increased the rates of adverse outcomes.

Key words: Impact, outcomes, ICU, ED, transfer time, length of stay, systematic review.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Ashshi MAM, Felemban JMN, Bamagos SMN, Ghannam MFA, Melibari AMI, Alghamdi OAS, Alsufyani AK, Basudan BSS, Babateen O. The impact of transfer time from the emergency department to intensive care unit on patient’s outcomes: a systematic review. IJMDC. 2026; 10(1): 564-570. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1767466021

Web Style

Ashshi MAM, Felemban JMN, Bamagos SMN, Ghannam MFA, Melibari AMI, Alghamdi OAS, Alsufyani AK, Basudan BSS, Babateen O. The impact of transfer time from the emergency department to intensive care unit on patient’s outcomes: a systematic review. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=305459 [Access: January 25, 2026]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1767466021

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Ashshi MAM, Felemban JMN, Bamagos SMN, Ghannam MFA, Melibari AMI, Alghamdi OAS, Alsufyani AK, Basudan BSS, Babateen O. The impact of transfer time from the emergency department to intensive care unit on patient’s outcomes: a systematic review. IJMDC. 2026; 10(1): 564-570. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1767466021


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Ashshi MAM, Felemban JMN, Bamagos SMN, Ghannam MFA, Melibari AMI, Alghamdi OAS, Alsufyani AK, Basudan BSS, Babateen O. The impact of transfer time from the emergency department to intensive care unit on patient’s outcomes: a systematic review. IJMDC. (2026), [cited January 25, 2026]; 10(1): 564-570. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1767466021


Harvard Style

Ashshi, M. A. M., Felemban, . J. M. N., Bamagos, . S. M. N., Ghannam, . M. F. A., Melibari, . A. M. I., Alghamdi, . O. A. S., Alsufyani, . A. K., Basudan, . B. S. S. & Babateen, . O. (2026) The impact of transfer time from the emergency department to intensive care unit on patient’s outcomes: a systematic review. IJMDC, 10 (1), 564-570. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1767466021


Turabian Style

Ashshi, Mohammad Ahmad M., Jawad Mohammad N. Felemban, Saba Mohammed N. Bamagos, Mohammed Fadeel A. Ghannam, Anan Malik I. Melibari, Omar Abdullah S. Alghamdi, Abdullah Khalid Alsufyani, Basem Salem Saleh Basudan, and Omar Babateen. 2026. The impact of transfer time from the emergency department to intensive care unit on patient’s outcomes: a systematic review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 10 (1), 564-570. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1767466021


Chicago Style

Ashshi, Mohammad Ahmad M., Jawad Mohammad N. Felemban, Saba Mohammed N. Bamagos, Mohammed Fadeel A. Ghannam, Anan Malik I. Melibari, Omar Abdullah S. Alghamdi, Abdullah Khalid Alsufyani, Basem Salem Saleh Basudan, and Omar Babateen. "The impact of transfer time from the emergency department to intensive care unit on patient’s outcomes: a systematic review." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 10 (2026), 564-570. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1767466021


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Ashshi, Mohammad Ahmad M., Jawad Mohammad N. Felemban, Saba Mohammed N. Bamagos, Mohammed Fadeel A. Ghannam, Anan Malik I. Melibari, Omar Abdullah S. Alghamdi, Abdullah Khalid Alsufyani, Basem Salem Saleh Basudan, and Omar Babateen. "The impact of transfer time from the emergency department to intensive care unit on patient’s outcomes: a systematic review." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 10.1 (2026), 564-570. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1767466021


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Ashshi, M. A. M., Felemban, . J. M. N., Bamagos, . S. M. N., Ghannam, . M. F. A., Melibari, . A. M. I., Alghamdi, . O. A. S., Alsufyani, . A. K., Basudan, . B. S. S. & Babateen, . O. (2026) The impact of transfer time from the emergency department to intensive care unit on patient’s outcomes: a systematic review. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 10 (1), 564-570. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1767466021




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