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Original Article
Online Published: 06 Jan 2026
 


Assessment of knowledge, awareness, practice, and attitude regarding urinary tract infections among the general population in Makkah City: a cross-sectional study

Anmar Mohammed Nassir, Bassam Essam Samkari, Abdullah Saad Alamri, Faisal Fahad Almuqati, Faisal Thamer Alsabhi, Mohammed Bandar Alotaibi, Wesam Osama Mandoura, Ali Hasan Alshareef, Yamen Maher Gutob, Abdullah Khalid Aldawsari.


Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding urinary tract infections (UTIs) among adult residents of Makkah, Saudi Arabia, and to identify demographic predictors of adequate knowledge and positive attitude.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 480 adult residents of Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected via a structured, self-administered online questionnaire covering sociodemographic data, knowledge, and attitude related to UTIs.
Results: Among the 480 participants (76.9% male; mean age predominantly 18–30 years), 85.6% demonstrated good knowledge, and 81.3% expressed positive attitude towards UTI prevention and management. Occupation significantly predicted good knowledge (OR = 2.58, p-value=0.009), while both occupation (OR = 4.56, p<0.001) and educational level (OR = 1.59, p-value=0.006) were significant predictors of positive attitude. No significant associations were found between most sociodemographic variables and UTI-related behaviors.
Conclusion: Overall, the study revealed satisfactory knowledge and attitude towards UTIs among Makkah residents; however, targeted health education remains necessary for subgroups with lower awareness. Strengthening community-based interventions could improve preventive practice and promote appropriate antibiotic use.

Key words: Urinary tract infection, Knowledge, Attitude, Public health, Saudi Arabia.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Nassir AM, Samkari BE, Alamri AS, Almuqati FF, Alsabhi FT, Alotaibi MB, Mandoura WO, Alshareef AH, Gutob YM, Aldawsari AK. Assessment of knowledge, awareness, practice, and attitude regarding urinary tract infections among the general population in Makkah City: a cross-sectional study. IJMDC. 2026; 10(1): 020-027. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1763040619

Web Style

Nassir AM, Samkari BE, Alamri AS, Almuqati FF, Alsabhi FT, Alotaibi MB, Mandoura WO, Alshareef AH, Gutob YM, Aldawsari AK. Assessment of knowledge, awareness, practice, and attitude regarding urinary tract infections among the general population in Makkah City: a cross-sectional study. https://www.ijmdc.com/?mno=296394 [Access: January 25, 2026]. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1763040619

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Nassir AM, Samkari BE, Alamri AS, Almuqati FF, Alsabhi FT, Alotaibi MB, Mandoura WO, Alshareef AH, Gutob YM, Aldawsari AK. Assessment of knowledge, awareness, practice, and attitude regarding urinary tract infections among the general population in Makkah City: a cross-sectional study. IJMDC. 2026; 10(1): 020-027. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1763040619


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Nassir AM, Samkari BE, Alamri AS, Almuqati FF, Alsabhi FT, Alotaibi MB, Mandoura WO, Alshareef AH, Gutob YM, Aldawsari AK. Assessment of knowledge, awareness, practice, and attitude regarding urinary tract infections among the general population in Makkah City: a cross-sectional study. IJMDC. (2026), [cited January 25, 2026]; 10(1): 020-027. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1763040619


Harvard Style

Nassir, A. M., Samkari, . B. E., Alamri, . A. S., Almuqati, . F. F., Alsabhi, . F. T., Alotaibi, . M. B., Mandoura, . W. O., Alshareef, . A. H., Gutob, . Y. M. & Aldawsari, . A. K. (2026) Assessment of knowledge, awareness, practice, and attitude regarding urinary tract infections among the general population in Makkah City: a cross-sectional study. IJMDC, 10 (1), 020-027. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1763040619


Turabian Style

Nassir, Anmar Mohammed, Bassam Essam Samkari, Abdullah Saad Alamri, Faisal Fahad Almuqati, Faisal Thamer Alsabhi, Mohammed Bandar Alotaibi, Wesam Osama Mandoura, Ali Hasan Alshareef, Yamen Maher Gutob, and Abdullah Khalid Aldawsari. 2026. Assessment of knowledge, awareness, practice, and attitude regarding urinary tract infections among the general population in Makkah City: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 10 (1), 020-027. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1763040619


Chicago Style

Nassir, Anmar Mohammed, Bassam Essam Samkari, Abdullah Saad Alamri, Faisal Fahad Almuqati, Faisal Thamer Alsabhi, Mohammed Bandar Alotaibi, Wesam Osama Mandoura, Ali Hasan Alshareef, Yamen Maher Gutob, and Abdullah Khalid Aldawsari. "Assessment of knowledge, awareness, practice, and attitude regarding urinary tract infections among the general population in Makkah City: a cross-sectional study." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 10 (2026), 020-027. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1763040619


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Nassir, Anmar Mohammed, Bassam Essam Samkari, Abdullah Saad Alamri, Faisal Fahad Almuqati, Faisal Thamer Alsabhi, Mohammed Bandar Alotaibi, Wesam Osama Mandoura, Ali Hasan Alshareef, Yamen Maher Gutob, and Abdullah Khalid Aldawsari. "Assessment of knowledge, awareness, practice, and attitude regarding urinary tract infections among the general population in Makkah City: a cross-sectional study." International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries 10.1 (2026), 020-027. Print. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1763040619


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Nassir, A. M., Samkari, . B. E., Alamri, . A. S., Almuqati, . F. F., Alsabhi, . F. T., Alotaibi, . M. B., Mandoura, . W. O., Alshareef, . A. H., Gutob, . Y. M. & Aldawsari, . A. K. (2026) Assessment of knowledge, awareness, practice, and attitude regarding urinary tract infections among the general population in Makkah City: a cross-sectional study. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 10 (1), 020-027. doi:10.24911/IJMDC.51-1763040619




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